An e-invoice is not a PDF
A PDF is a picture of an invoice for a person to read. An e-invoice is data — seller, buyer, lines, taxes and totals in a fixed format — that a computer can check. The tax authority receives it, checks it and gives it its own reference, and the invoice usually carries a QR code that anyone can scan.
How a national system works
- Your system issues the invoice in the format the authority asks for.
- It sends the invoice to the authority's system, which checks it.
- The answer comes back: accepted, with its reference, or refused, with the reason.
- The accepted invoice is final; a correction is made with a credit or debit note, not by editing it.
Jordan: JoFotara
JoFotara is Jordan's National Invoicing System, run by the Income and Sales Tax Department. Businesses send their sales invoices and credit notes to it, and each accepted invoice carries its QR code.
Saudi Arabia: ZATCA
In Saudi Arabia, e-invoicing is set by the Zakat, Tax and Customs Authority (ZATCA) and has two phases: first generating invoices electronically, then integrating with ZATCA's platform, rolled out to businesses in waves. Each invoice is signed, linked to the one before it and carries a QR code.
How to get ready
- Make sure every invoice holds what the authority asks for: tax numbers, item tax categories and the right invoice type.
- Choose a system that sends invoices by itself and keeps a log of each submission and its answer.
- Plan for refusals: someone must see why an invoice was refused and send it again.
- Keep corrections as credit or debit notes, never edits.


